
Written by Allan Todd. A version of this piece was also published at Left Unity.
“Cometh the [midnight] hour, cometh the
book!”
Derek Wall’s
latest book, Climate Strike: the practical politics of the climate crisis, ‘had me’ from its very first
page, with this well-chosen quotation:
“We are at the midnight hour, and it’s
eco-socialism or death.”
Kali Akuno
(2019).
Derek is a
long-standing and committed environmental activist who, for many years, held
leading positions within the Green Party of England and Wales (GPEW), first as
Principal Speaker and then as International Co-ordinator. My review copy of his
book arrived just as I’d finished the 5C chapter Mark Lynas’s Our Final Warning: Six Degrees of Climate
Emergency - which makes painfully clear why drastic climate action is
needed right now.
And that is
precisely what Derek’s book also does in its first two chapters - but what
makes Climate Strike so timely
and useful is that, in the remaining eight chapters, it also analyses various
attempts to build pressure for change, and suggests practical ways in which,
via open debate, analysis and increased co-operation, we can try to achieve those
changes.
Before moving
on to examine some of the important issues raised and examined by the book, one
general strength should be pointed out early on: other than Alan Thornett’s
comprehensive Facing the Apocalypse:
Arguments for Ecosocialism (2019), you will not find another book on
the current Climate Emergency that introduces you to so many valuable thinkers
and positive initiatives on all the most critical issues. It is this aspect
makes Derek’s latest book such an incredibly rich - and important - book to
read.
As a companion
piece to it, I would also highly recommend reading his Elinor Ostrom’s Rules For Radicals (2017) - particularly
useful for considering possible ways in which to organise a post-capitalist future
that is based on co-operation, and doesn’t depend on either markets or state
structures.
As the book
makes clear, the central dilemma for climate and environmental organisations
and activists today is that we need both immediate emergency action to
significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and stop the ecological
devastation of the natural world, along with a longer-term strategy to create a
world that is ecologically sustainable.
One problem for
environmental movements, explored in Chapter 8, is the difficulty in persuading
enough people of the seriousness of the Climate Crisis, because of the ability
of many individuals to banish worrying or unpleasant things - including the
Climate Crisis - from their minds. Derek cites George Marshall’s Don’t Even Think About It (2014),
which deals with this phenomenon of cognitive dissonance.
Another book which
explores this is Stanley Cohen’s States
of Denial (2001), which explains how not acknowledging (as opposed to simply knowing) a threat or an
injustice allows people to avoid the need to take action.
Although Derek
argues that the ever-worsening Climate Emergency the planet is facing stems
from capitalism’s entire economic and social system - based on unsustainable
continuous and ever-increasing production, consumption and capital accumulation
- he does so in way that is free from any narrow dogmatism.
What this book
does do, exceptionally well, is to analyse, in a balanced way, where we are
now, and how successful/unsuccessful the various climate campaigns and
organisations have been so far. In particular, as regards the UK, there are
useful examinations of the roles of the GPEW, the trade union/labour movement, and
of social movements like Extinction Rebellion and the YouthStrike4Climate.
But first - a digression!
Derek’s chapter
on Green parties, in the UK and elsewhere, was of particular personal interest
to me, as someone who - reluctantly - resigned from Grenn Party of England and Wales
(GPEW) (and, consequently, as a Green town councillor) last December. So,
before dealing with Derek’s observations, I will make some of my own. Now seems
an especially good time to do so, with internal elections currently taking
place within the GPEW.
As Derek points
out, during the late 1990s, the GPEW seemed to be moving towards a more radical
‘left’ position, combining strong environmental and climate policies along with
calls for social and economic justice. A further step in that direction was
signalled by the formation of Green Left in 2006, which operated as an
explicitly ecosocialist and anti-capitalist network within the GPEW.
So, in 2012 -
after having voted Green in several elections - I joined the GPEW precisely because
of these two developments. Consequently, I was proud to be the Green Party
candidate for Copeland (Cumbria) in GE2015. Especially as parts of Copeland
were suffering badly as a result of the austerity being enforced by the Tories
and the LibDem Coalition - in GE2015, the GPEW (unlike the Labour Party at the time) was
the only mainstream party which was calling for a complete end to austerity.
Although, in
the end, I resigned because of the unprincipled ‘Unite to Remain’ pact with the neoliberal LibDems - and the way it
was ‘pushed’ by the leadership - in GE2019, I’d begun to have misgivings as
early as 2016. This was over the large-scale overspending by the Tories in 33
key marginal seats in GE2015 - as exposed, at length, by Channel 4 News. These
accounting ‘errors/oversights’ resulted in the Tories gaining a 12-seat
majority - with 26 of their MPs having won in those key marginals where it was
alleged that they had overspent.
Channel 4 News’ take on the Tory Party’s
election expenses issue in GE2015.
The GPEW’s
Spring Conference in 2016 took place just after the Electoral Commission had
fined the Tory Party a record amount for what they said were “multiple offences.” This seemed to me
to be a dangerous development as regards UK democracy, so I moved an Emergency
Motion, calling on the leadership to mount campaigns for by-elections in all
those seats where there were serious concerns about overspending.
However,
although this EM was overwhelmingly passed by Conference, the leadership -
which I know was not happy with the EM - said and did nothing. It’s worth
recalling that Cameron’s government then went on to call the referendum on UK
membership of the EU - with all the unpleasant consequences which have already
flowed from that, with others still to come.
The next
serious concerns came with the internal members’ on-line discussions which took
place before and after GE2017, over whether or not the GPEW should stand
candidates in the key marginal seats that Labour either needed to hold or win,
in order for them to replace the Tories as the next government. Those on the right of the party argued vociferously
(and one or two, unpleasantly) that the “leftwing
stuff” (ie. questions of social and economic justice) should be left to the
Labour Party, and for the GPEW to focus instead on environmental issues only.
For me, all
these concerns came to a head last December, with the deeply-unprincipled pact
with the LibDems - a party which by then, it should be remembered, had:
· along
with the Tories, imposed austerity for 5 years, & continued to refuse to
apologise for doing so
· blocked
an opposition attempt to get a VONC in Johnson
· abstained
on an opposition amendment to the Queens’ Speech to stop further privatisations
of NHS services
· been
the first ‘opposition’ party to give Johnson and Cummings the pre-Brexit
election they’d always wanted
· a
leader who said she would press the nuclear button
· reneged
on holding a People’s Vote, with ‘Remain’ as an option
So, yes - a
deeply unprincipled pact, with possible electoral gains the main reason for it;
gains which Prof. John Curtice was proved right for saying that the Greens
would not obtain even one extra seat.
After I’d made
the decision to resign, I became aware that other GPEW members had done the
same - or were seriously thinking of doing so. More recently, several articles
on London Green Left’s Blog
have shown that many members have a variety of concerns about the direction in
which the GPEW now seems to be drifting.
Last month, Dee
Searle - who resigned from GPEW in June this year, after 4 spells as a member
of the Green Party Executive (GPEX) - identified what she called the ‘Leadership
Clique’ as one of the main problems, questioning whether the GPEW will
be able to be saved from it:
A more recent
article from David Taylor asks the question whether the Green
Party change tack to become a real force for change:
I would
strongly recommend that these 2 articles should be read, before people
read Derek’s chapter on Green parties.
Green parties
And now - back
to Derek’s book! It is in Chapter 4 that he deals with Green parties: in
particular, arguing that there exists a conflict between the (often, but not in
all cases, right-of-centre) origins of many Green parties - which were
initially concerned with mainly ecological and environmentalist issues, with
little or no focus on questions of social and economic justice - and the need
for a fundamental political critique of the capitalist system itself.
More recently
however, the GPEW (as with several other Green European parties) seems to be
moving back somewhat to its more rightwing/conservative origins, rather than
moving on to develop a class analysis of the Climate Crisis, to or build strong
links with the labour movement.
More
significantly, the GPEW’s Climate Campaign Committee, of which I was a member
in the early stages - despite its members’ great efforts - failed to shift the
party into launching a strong national campaign over the Climate
Emergency. As a consequence, in 2018, it was Extinction Rebellion that really
raised public awareness about the crisis the planet was facing - although, to
be fair, several local Green parties and councillors had made significant
progress in getting local Climate
Emergencies declared.
In fact,
typical of Derek’s fair and balanced approach throughout this book, as well as
making criticisms, he also points out that the GPEW, and other Green parties,
can still have positive impacts - for instance, by continuing to help raise
awareness of the Climate Crisis, and by proposing some useful structural
changes. However, at present, the GPEW still fails to support the fundamental
transformation of the mode of production which, ultimately, is vital to
stopping Climate Breakdown.
Extinction Rebellion
As Derek makes
clear from the start, Extinction Rebellion (XR)’s main weakness is that, at
present, it still frames the Climate Emergency as more of a moral issue, rather
than the political and economic one
which, at heart, it is. Consequently,
its main focus is on influencing public opinion, so that politicians and
governments will then be put under pressure to act.
Whilst XR’s
initial actions (along with the school climate strikes) certainly - and
spectacularly - helped push the Climate Crisis up the political agenda as
regards the general public, some of XR’s continuing actions have also resulted
in the loss of a degree of sympathy (especially amongst sections of the working
class).
XR’s ultimate
problem, though, is that it fails to really consider power relations, or to
adequately consider the different impacts of the Climate Crisis on different -
often marginalised - social groups. As pointed out, XRUK really needs to
develop ties with and connections to much wider networks and identities -
rather as Earth First! did.
Several XR
activists have been considering/calling for such steps, especially since the Autumn Uprising in October 2019 -
including the development of a precise political and economic examination of
what is meant by the slogan ‘System
Change - Not Climate Change’. In
particular, what ‘System’, and what ‘Change’?
Encouragingly,
XR Scotland is currently considering a Reflection
Piece (which apparently originated with XR Edinburgh), with the view to
reaching out in precisely the way recommended by Derek’s book. Covid-19
permitting, the plan is to discuss and reach consensus on these issues at a
Scottish People’s Assembly, to be held this October:
In fact, XR
Scotland has already made a public announcement in solidarity the
#BlackLivesMatter movement, and is aware how the climate and ecological
emergencies have been caused, and are still bing driven, by specific capitalist-linked
aspects such as colonialism and white supremacy, as well as by capitalism’s
‘normal’ production/consumption/accumulation cycle per se.
Base-building
As Derek makes
clear in his final chapter, in order to build the momentum needed to force
though the changes that need to happen, a range of strategies are required -
including the central one of base-building. As the ultimate aim has to be moves
to ecosocialism, he highlights the importance of Marxism in understanding
today’s global heating crisis created by capitalism.
Amongst the
strategies considered for achieving this are steps for greater co-operation
between Marxist groups which recognise the need for ecosocialism. In
particular, Derek mentions the work being done by Kali Akuno and others in the
US, around Cooperation Jackson
(Mississippi), and by People’s Strike, with which Kali Akuno is also
involved:
As many
ecosocialists will already know, several books are useful in developing a
Marxist understanding of what Marx called the dangerous “metabolic rift” between humans and the natural world which the
‘logic’ of capitalism creates. One which Derek examines is Andreas Malm’s The Progress of This Storm, (2018),
which provides a readable survey of the main Marxist attempts to theorise the
ecological crisis. Other important Marxist contributions to this debate include
both John Bellamy Foster’s Marx’s
Ecology (2000) and Kohei Saito’s Karl
Marx’s Ecosocialism (2017).
In fact, there
are already early signs of this kind of base-building happening in the UK, with
Socialist Resistance and Mutiny currently working together to create
Anti-Capitalist Resistance (ACR)- a new revolutionary Marxist organisation,
based on the need for ecosocialism:
Anti-Capitalist Resistance
Plans have just
been finalised for an ACR weekend school, from 12 -13 September, on the theme
of Ecosocialism
or Disaster Capitalism:
Conclusion
Derek’s
well-argued case is that, ultimately, we need a post-capitalist ecosocialist
society. From the most recent developments - XR Scotland’s Reflection Piece, moves to create a new revolutionary Marxist
organisation based on ecosocialism, and Left Unity’s recent adoption of an
explicitly ecosocialist position, it seems that Derek clearly has his finger on
the pulse of the environmental movement. This is most definitely a book to
read, to discuss and - most of all, to act on.
The clock IS
ticking!
Allan Todd is a member of Left Unity, an
ecosocialist/environmental and anti-fascist activist, and author of Revolutions
1789-1917